Corrections? He calmed down and Oya went back home. And,in her the cemetery. anting him with a profound wisdom. Orisha Ogun is the blacksmith, the one who creates weapons for the other Orishas. In the original African belief system from which Santeria originates, there are hundreds of orishas. represent his/her different paths. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. 12. Article written by Simon E. Davies, Contributor to Ancient Code. Aganju by Robert Love Ancient Egyptians celebrated Osiris with festivals that consisted of processions and nocturnal rites at the temple of Abydos. What is very important to know now is that these people shared common beliefs and customs. technology and because this technology shares in his nature, it is People would wait for him to heal them. He lived inside a forest and he would have sexual relations with any woman who entered the woods. allowed to witness the creation of the universe by Olorun and bears He is a patron of sexual diversity, celebrating lesbian, gay and bisexual people. One day, Orung waited for his father to be absent and raped Yemaya. Its said there are over 400 different Orishas out there! Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. He decided to stay alone in a corner, sitting down. You pay nothing extra for it and you help to keep the website alive! Gods of Wakanda (Earth-616) | Marvel Database | Fandom In ancient Greek religion, she was known . Orisha Oya, also commonly known as Ians, is the Orisha of storms, thunder, and strong winds. She is Obatala was enraged at his brother for usurping his position, but he eventually conceded to his Oduduwas divine authority. They teased him so much, that he stood up and danced a bit. Orisha Yemaya wears white and blue dresses. He got a gourd and opened it, spreading a mysterious white smoke over Obatala. Oya is married to Shango, a warrior Orisha who also has fire as an element. He wears light-green and light-blue clothes and he also has the seven colors of the rainbow around him. Elegba (also referred to Eleggua or Eleggu) is the owner of the She is also known for the colors of maroon, flowery patterns and nine The two became friends and Aroni shared with Ossain all the secrets related to herbs, plants, and flowers. Crash Course is on Patreon! Perhaps the most 'popular' of the orishas, Shang rules over She was the one who gave mud to Obatala when he was creating humans. Theres a story explaining how she became so powerful and able to wield weapons and magic. He was the only orisha And then Ill follow with the female ones, the Orisha Goddesses. In the original African belief system from which Santeria originates, there are hundreds of orishas. OBATALA - The Yoruba Religious Concepts - Google Ochossi is intuitive and emotional. The Orishas - Indiana University Bloomington He is the owner of all According to the griot spirits of the Djalia, the Orisha originated during immemorial times in the land that would become Wakanda. makes short work of a tree or a fire rage through an area, one has From now on, Ill bring the Orisha list with the 12 most important ones. Today, we refer to these areas as Yorubaland. In the Ptolemaic period she came to be associated with the Greek goddess Artemis, the divine hunter and goddess of the moon. Orisha Ossain is the Orisha who rules over the forests. Ossain is calm, emotive, and has lots of intuition. Updates? process). white which is often accented with red, purple and other colors to When humans die, they must return to her dwelling and become mud again. He is revered by all the hunting communities and is often employed by the Orishas as a scout, helping them to locate lost items. People who can play Buzios are actually asking the Orishas for answers. witness to our destinies in the making as well. Before Orung could find her, she died and her body created mountains, valleys, and all the ways water could flow to flood the vast land. This If kingdom is utterly important for us here. Shango threw thunderbolts in all directions, killing the rams. motif found in many other mythologies such as the story of Gaia and Uranos in Greek Mythology and Nut and Geb and Egyptian Mythology. Agemo - the chameleon servant of the supreme god Olorun. Role. According to the myth, Osiris was a king of Egypt who was murdered and dismembered by his brother Seth. Orisha Yemaya, also known as Yemanja or Janaina, is one of the most popular Orisha of all. Now, you might say, thats ridiculous. For the most accurate and up-to-date information, consult individual encyclopedia entries about the topics. Eshu was not willing to give them back, but the beauty of Oshun was capable of driving any man or woman crazy. Taweret, In Ancient Egyptian religion Taweret is the defensive Ancient Egyptian goddess of labor and . Horus was raised to avenge his fathers murder. (the Sea) she does so on her own circuitous route. His element is the earth. Omulu got happy! He didnt want to dance, mainly because he had a wooden leg and he couldnt dance like the others. creator of the world and humanity. Ogun gets worried because he feels like Ochossi needs to know how to defend himself. Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. Ogun by Eran Fowler In a sense, all offerings and rituals were made using these metals, so all of them needed Oguns permission to be carried on. Yemaya is her mother (in some accounts they are sisters). Although she is mostly related to the sea and the salty waters, she is also worshiped by people who live far from the oceans. A priest could only be dedicated to that single orisha of the city, and that orisha was honored above all others. During the 123 years when the Polish state was absent from the map of Europe, religion played an important role in the preservation of Polish identity both among Poles at home and the many who emigrated, by choice or otherwise. Ogun is revered as a mighty god, called upon by warriors for strength in battle. He took Eshus words seriously and entered his mothers castle in the shape of a terrifying snake. Possible Greek/Roman Equivalent (s) Other. When they were all amazed by the situation, the man exchanged the baked yams for proper yams. The idea that rebirth in the next life could be gained by following Osiris was maintained through certain cult forms. The orishas are often best understood by observing the forces of nature The Orishas. Eshu was so focused on observing Obatala that he learned everything from him. Although Im not a practitioner of any religion, I have already worked many times with their energy and I also know people who are deeply connected to them. Obviously, he decided to have some fun and stole the white clothes of Obatala. Osiris | Description, Myth, Symbols, & Facts | Britannica In the end, all those who wish to offer something to Nana must use wooden tools. But they cant figure out what animal hes supposed to be. One day he reached Obatalas house. The battle started and Shango emerged victorious, against all odds. He was hiding because invaders had conquered most of the village he lived in and killed lots of people. In his fully animal form, he has a thin doglike body and a straight tail with a tuft on the end. They recognise themselves and are recognised through their different numbers and colors which are their marks, and each has their own favorite foods and other things which they like to receive as offerings and gifts. Oduduwa by Jianing Hu Kokou by Assasin Monkey During the meeting, Esu took the chance to cause some mischief and told Oshumare that Nan was really guilty for his shapeshifting curse and convinced him to take revenge on her by stealing her crown and becoming the king of the Jeje people. lightning, thunder, fire, the drums and dance. I write this page as a way to honor these forces. He recognises Shango returned home. He decides to enter the forest and look for his brother. A common divination tool is called bzios (In English it is called Cowrie Shells reading) which consists of 16 shells that are thrown on a prepared surface. Osiris was also identified with Soker, an ancient Memphite god of the dead. The orishas are the gods of Santeria, the beings that believers interact with on a regular basis. While he was bathing, Eshu, the trickster, appeared and saw the situation. The oldest known depiction of Osiris dates to about 2300 bce, but representations of him are rare before the New Kingdom (15391075 bce), when he was shown in an archaizing form as a mummy with his arms crossed on his breast, one hand holding a crook, the other a flail. White is most appropriate for Yemay lives and rules over the seas and lakes. Sometimes they are depicted as once-mortal figures, often leaders, who were elevated by Olodumare to divinity. In this way, he is certainly a difficult teacher, but in the end, is usually found to be a good one. He is the repository of ash. Anyway, Orisha Omulu used to be a quiet one. According to the form of the myth reported by the Greek author Plutarch, Osiris was slain or drowned by Seth, who tore the corpse into 14 pieces and flung them over Egypt. This article was most recently revised and updated by, https://www.britannica.com/topic/Osiris-Egyptian-god, Ancient Origins - The Outstanding Story of Osiris: His Myth, Symbols, and Significance in Ancient Egypt. African Pantheons and the Orishas: Crash Course World - YouTube Orisha Oshun wears golden yellow dresses. Along with her sister Nephthys, Isis acted as a divine mourner, and her maternal care was often depicted as extending to the dead in the underworld. An Orisha is a God or a Goddess from the Yoruba Religion and Mythology. During the night, Shango took the mysterious red powder and climbed to the top of a mountain. It is said he punishes all those who lie and deceive others. You can find out more and change our default settings with Cookies Settings. almost always used first for war. Orisha: the 12 most powerful Gods from Yoruba Mythology Cookies collect information about your preferences and your device and are used to make the site work as you expect it to, to understand how you interact with the site, and to show advertisements that are targeted to your interests. Theres another story that tells how Oya became the queen of the dead, being responsible for sending eguns (souls of the dead) to the otherworld. Ogn out of the forests using her feminine wiles. These gods, the Orisha, were Thoth, Kokou, Mujaji, Ptah, Nyami and Bast . According to the Osiris myth, Anubis embalmed and wrapped the body of the murdered king, becoming the patron god for embalmers. The saint is a mask of the orisha, and it does no work the other way around. Ill start with some history, so you can be situated, and then Ill enter the mysterious and magical realm of the Orishas. From her death, many Orisha children were born (now comes the conflicting information): I said there is conflicting information because there are several stories that suggest Yemaya, Oshun, and Oya are sisters too. His most notable role is that of the psychopomp (guardian of the dead). Obatala knocked Eshu down three times and Eshu got back on his feet after all of them. It is common in all pantheons, religions, and mythologies to find different tales for the same story. As the goddess of the sky, Nut engulfed the sun at night and brought it back again at the beginning of the day. Omulu is considered to be ugly and Oshumare is the most beautiful being in the world. In this Ill start with the male ones, the Orisha Gods as we can call them. She took the less ferocious form of a domestic cat in the first millennium BCE. She is a very interesting Orisha because she metaphorically defied the rules of patriarchy. If youre interested in the religions themselves, I suggest reading the following articles: Though differences will always occur, all the 12 main Orishas Ill present here are mainly worshiped in Umbanda and Candombl. Eshu did it. From simple spells such as offering food to an Orisha (this food is commonly called as eb) to complex rituals like isolating a person during some days so they can be reborn as the son/daughter of an Orisha, we find a variety of customs that can naturally be adopted by modern witchcraft practitioners too. He was represented as a mummified king, wearing wrappings that left only the green skin of his hands and face exposed. His youngest son, Obatala, asked if he could create a new realm made of earth. has an extremely close relationship. After his death, he was deified as an orisha. Aganju and Yemaya have a child called Orung. way they have always received them, so that they will recognise our The Orishas: Orunla, Osain, Oshun, Oya, and Yemaya - Learn Religions the human and the divine, as he is child-like messenger between the two Obatala became albine. In some traditions, Aganju is seen as the father or brother of Shango, god of thunder and lightning. Her other name, Iansa or Ians, means mother to 9 children. However, since Osiris, not Anubis, rules the Land of the Dead, a more accurate Greek equivalent to Anubis would be Thanatos. heals with her sweet waters and with honey which she also owns. Corresponding Orishas and Saints Chart | | Orisha, Santeria, African Olorun sent them Ogun, god of crafts, to find a suitable habitat. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); You have entered an incorrect email address! Goddesses Archetypes Cards Online Free Oracle Reading, Oracle of Hecate Online Free Oracle Reading, YES or NO Oracle Free and Accurate Online Oracle Reading, The Triple Goddess 101 Manifesting your own magic with her, WHEEL OF THE YEAR and the 8 Sabbats A Full and free guide, 14 Hindu Gods and Goddesses that will make your life better, Orisha: the 12 most powerful Gods from Yoruba Mythology, Yoruba Religion and Mythology - An Introduction, A Brief Overview of Candombl and Umbanda, Orishas and the Balance Between Life and Death for Folklore Thursday, All about the Wheel of the Year and the 8 Sabbats, The Triple Goddess and her manifestations. She is considered to be the mother of everything and she is associated with the seas. She protects women, children, and fishermen. Olorun who created the universe, it is Obatal who is the most often approach to aid us in money matters. She asked what had happened and he told her how Eshu had tricked him. Inside the forest, he met Aroni, a gnome wearing a hood and hopping on one leg only. He saw plants capable of healing different kinds of pain, hemorrhages, fever, and much more. According to the Osiris myth, Horus was the son of Isis and Osiris, magically conceived after the murder of Osiris by his brother Seth. Egypt had one of the largest and most complex pantheons of gods of any civilization in the ancient world. Others suggest that Omulu is a son of Nan, who rejected him for his ugliness and disposed of him. The Orishas: Aganyu, Babalu-Aye, Chango, and Eleggua, The God of Wealth and Other Deities of Prosperity and Money, What Is Mysticism? It is said he was the emperor of Oyo, today Nigeria. them often to represent her. Ossain used to perform them all and during one of them, he entered the forest. He talked to Obatala and assigned him the task of creating land. Those who worship him often seek personal empowerment, in order to make themselves better leaders. Second, they protected her from Shangos fury when she tried the magic powder made by Eshu to Sango (I wrote about it above, in Sangos section). The Egyptian Goddess List Differently from the Hindu Religion and Mythology, for example, there are no ancient books telling the foundations of its beliefs or describing the creation of the world according to them. According to the myth, Osiris was a king of Egypt who was murdered and dismembered by his brother Seth. After the rulers of Thebes rebelled against a dynasty of foreign rulers known as the Hyksos and reestablished native Egyptian rule throughout Egypt, Amon received credit for their victory. Humans provide ashe through blood or other ritual actions, and the orisha becomes a conduit of ashe from Olodumare to the petitioner to assist in the petitioner's endeavors. Some Orishas are worshiped as gods in their own right and they include top names such as Babal Ay, Elegua, Obatala, Ochosi, Ogun, Oya, Shango and Yemaya. He has a warrior side Youd be right. Thanks for reading! They rule She also rules He was also the embodiment of the divine kingship, and in some eras the reigning king was considered to be a manifestation of Horus. colors which are their marks, and each has their own favorite foods and If you wish to support me,please use the button below and buy me a ko-fi! He wears light green and blue clothes. The mold was moistened with the water of the Nile and sown with grain. So we can say West Africa, specifically Nigeria, Benin, and Togo form the place where Yoruba is located. Nothing can be In her path of Okutti Each region has their own main Orishas and stories may also vary. There was a time when they conducted a power struggle against Olorun and tried to persuade him to abdicate for sixteen years. Olorun by Sanjana Baijnath Ogun becomes aware of the situation. Orisa ojenia: the orisha that made and created life and existence to mankind. From about 2000 bce onward it was believed that every man, not just the deceased kings, became associated with Osiris at death. With time, he felt like this was a curse imposed by his mother, Nan. As such, there is no concern about the literal truth of these tales or the fact that tales my contradict one another. Ochossi was saved! "Mother of Nine" in which she rules over the egun or dead. He is often depicted as an animal or as a human with the head of an animal. Orisha Omulu, also known as Obalua or Sopona is the healer, but also the one who spreads diseases. He took his clothes off and hang them on a tree. Kokou is a warrior god, renowned for his violence and ferocity. Their union gives birth to Aganju (earth . When one sees the quickness with which lightning Instead were going to focus on Yoruba religion from west Africa, and the Orishas that populate Yoruba stories. Though it was Orisha Oshumare is the Orisha related to the rainbow and also to beauty and riches. Peacocks and vultures are hers and we use He also demanded that these seven backed yams should be planted in front of everyone. observe the orishas at work in the world and in your own lives you will with Oy and Oshn. This trend is encouraged by the fact that each Santeria community today remains independent of other communities. At a specific moment, they got drunk and they started teasing Omulu to get up and dance too. Because the festivals took place in the open, public participation was permitted, and by the early 2nd millennium bce it had become fashionable to be buried along the processional road at Abydos or to erect a cenotaph there as a representative of the dead. feet (or rise out our chairs if we are sitting) at the mention of his These supernatural entities usually referred to as deities are actually emanations or avatars of the supreme being Olodumare. For example, one of the most famous ones tells how the seas and oceans were created. In this universalized form Osiriss cult spread throughout Egypt, often joining with the cults of local fertility and underworld deities. As a prize, he took Eshus gourd for him. Ossain became so famous that he was asked to heal a king. Table of If to Orunmila in exchange for the gift of dance, his Oguns permission would not be requested to make offerings to Nana. Hes a healer who knows all the herbs and their properties, as well as how to perform spells and incantations. Here are a few of the most important deities to know. The characteristics of individual gods could be hard to pin down. The shell contained a magical soil and a divine cloth. The Orisha And The 12 Gods Of Yoruba Mythology. Many scholars now believe that no such animal ever existed and that the Seth animal is some sort of mythical composite. His colors are red and white and he recognises himself in the Among these religions we can highlight three, which are the biggest ones: These religions differ from each other, but their beliefs comprise the Orisha energy and presence. Identity. his title of Eleri Ipin or "Witness to Destiny in its New World Santeria believers, on the other hand, generally only work with a handful of them. the role of translator for Obatal with whom he has a very close Yemaya found, healed, and adopted him. The many, many Orishas cover all aspects of life, and can be pretty specialized. Obatal is the kindly father of all the orishas and all Olodumare Of course, he drinks it! Today the massive temple complex devoted to Amon-Re at Karnak is one of the most visited monuments in Egypt. Osiris festivals symbolically reenacting the gods fate were celebrated annually in various towns throughout Egypt. Its important to note that his behavior can also lead him to unnecessary fights. His colors are green and yellow which reflect The goddess Hathor was usually depicted as a cow, as a woman with the head of a cow, or as a woman with cows ears. Before rising to national importance in the New Kingdom (c. 15391292 BCE), the god Amon was worshipped locally in the southern city of Thebes. However, many of their clients are also Catholic, and they understand that such clients better identify with these beings under the guise of the saintly counterparts. One day, Olorun, the supreme creator, thought about creating firm land. Today its known as Yorubaland. African Pantheons and the Orishas: Crash Course World Mythology #11 CrashCourse 14.5M subscribers 1.2M views 5 years ago World Mythology So, today we're talking about African Pantheons. Beyer, Catherine. From this moment on, whenever Orunmila was asked to help people with divination, he would also ask Ossain to prescribe herbs for healing. However, hes known for being vengeful and aggressive, mainly against women. opportunity to meet the orishas face to face during a bemb Ochossi and Ogun are brothers. His son Horus successfully fought against Seth, avenging Osiris and becoming the new king of Egypt. He knows all the occult powers and rules. To get Oya, Shango entered a battle against Ogun. He is an extremely hot blooded and One day, in the depths of the forest, he eventually meets Ossain who gives him a potion to drink. Amon was a god of the air, and the name probably means the Hidden One. He was usually represented as a man wearing a crown with two vertical plumes. axe. Catholic. Scholars have suggested that the Greek word Aiguptosthe source of the name Egyptmay have started as a corruption of Hwt-Ka-Ptah, the name of one of Ptahs shrines. It is said that Omulu and Osumare are brothers. Hathor embodied motherhood and fertility, and it was believed that she protected women in childbirth. Santeros (Santeria priests) do not believe that the orishas and the saints are identical. Some examples of his manifestations are Air, Agodo, Afonja, Obomin, and Lub. Oya is her main name. shortened version of Yey Omo Eja means "Mother Whose done in either world without his permission. where one or more of their priests will be mounted (see trance possession). Black Gods In The 21st Century: A Cautionary Tale About Folks Then, he placed the five-fingered hen and the pigeon in this space covered by earth. Interestingly, most of them share things in common in one way or another. She usually holds a mirror in one hand. He assigned this to Obatala who created the world and the living beings, including humans. Anubis was concerned with funerary practices and the care of the dead. strong-willed orisha that loves all the pleasures of the world: dance, This man proposed a challenge to the king to prove he was no lier. Many people, including Orisha and humans, used to visit Obatalas house. Shang took the form of the fourth Alafin (supreme king) of He was usually represented as a jackal or as a man with the head of a jackal. The Alaafin was the head of one of the largest Yoruba states. Id like to remind you that there are more than 400 Orishas out there and different places may highlight others as the main ones. The Orisha are spirits/deities that reflect one aspect of god. The heaven realm is the domain of Olorun, a sun god. White is also a color that represents her. 2023 All Rights Reserved. During his lifetime, he was married to three wives (Oshun, Oba, and Oya). Some say Shango had 3 wives. The orishas are the gods of Santeria, the beings that believers interact with on a regular basis. In isolation he learned humility, becoming Babal-Ay. After receiving an eb (food offering), Eshu helped the man by deceiving the kings guards. The heaven realm is the domain of Olorun, a sun god. Besides this, hes also associated with prosperity and abundance, mainly in the food aspect. Oy is the ruler of the winds, the whirlwind and the gates of They recognise Even if a priest of one orisha died, there would be others in the community trained to work with that same orisha. Sky Woman: The Overlooked Iroquois Influence on America. After passing on his secrets and guiding humanity for many years, Ogun grew old. her children by watching the rivers and streams she rules over and After playtime, they would simply return to the sky. Ogn is the god of iron, war and labor. He threatened to kill people there until his mother intervened and offered him the crown as a way to make him stop. The gods of the land keep the peace and the people in check.
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